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PUBLICATIONS

Scientific Publications

The Feline Grimace Scale© has been featured in numerous peer-reviewed scientific publications, highlighting its validity, reliability and impact on feline acute pain assessment. 

2025

Understanding the Feline Grimace Scale: A study of dimensional structure, importance of each action unit and variables affecting assessment

2024

Effects of training on Feline Grimace Scale scoring for acute pain assessment in cats

2023

Fully automated deep learning models with smartphone applicability for prediction of pain using the Feline Grimace Scale©

2023

Construct validity, responsiveness and reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale© in kittens

2023

Can cat caregivers reliably assess acute pain in cats using the Feline Grimace Scale©? A large bilingual global survey

2022

The Effects of Sedation with Dexmedetomidine–Butorphanol and Anesthesia with Propofol–Isoflurane on Feline Grimace Scale© Scores

2021

Agreement and reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale© among cat owners, veterinarians, veterinary students and nurses

2020

Inter-Rater Reliability of the Feline Grimace Scale© in Cats Undergoing Dental Extractions

2020

Clinical applicability of the Feline Grimace Scale©: real-time versus image scoring and the influence of sedation and surgery

2019

Facial expressions of pain in cats: the development and validation of a Feline Grimace Scale©

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